亚洲国产香蕉视频在线播放,亚洲熟妇真实自拍另类,中文字幕观看一区二区,国产成人啪精品视频免费网,国产91一区二区在线播放,激情爱爱免费视频麻豆,日韩精品在线观看久,妻子的情人免费在线观看中文字幕,精品一区精品二区精品三区

中國(guó)環(huán)境與發(fā)展國(guó)際合作委員會(huì)（簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)國(guó)合會(huì)）于2018年啟動(dòng)了綠色轉(zhuǎn)型與可持續(xù)社會(huì)治理專(zhuān)題政策研究項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目已完成一期研究，并向中國(guó)政府提交了相關(guān)政策建議。

The China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED) launched the Special Policy Study (SPS) Green Transition and Sustainable Social Governance in 2018. The SPS has completed the first phase of its policy study and submitted the policy recommendations to the Chinese government.

←Slide 滑動(dòng)查看更多

第一期研究簡(jiǎn)介

（Introduction of the First Phase of the Study ）

目前正在開(kāi)展的是該專(zhuān)題政策研究項(xiàng)目的第二期研究，主要目標(biāo)是

The second phase of the SPS is now underway and it focuses on the following items:

研究可持續(xù)消費(fèi)國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略，將推動(dòng)形成可持續(xù)生產(chǎn)與消費(fèi)方式和推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展相結(jié)合；

study the national strategy of sustainable consumption, combining sustainable production and consumption patterns with high-quality development;

提出“十四五”期間綠色消費(fèi)的目標(biāo)、任務(wù)和主要方式；

put forward the goals, tasks and main approaches of green consumption during the 14th Five-Year Plan period;

建立綠色消費(fèi)指標(biāo)體系和評(píng)估方法；

establish the index system and evaluation methods of green consumption;

定量分析可持續(xù)消費(fèi)對(duì)綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的貢獻(xiàn)；

decode how sustainable consumption contributes to green economic transformation via quantitative analysis;

分析政府采購(gòu)對(duì)綠色商品和服務(wù)的促進(jìn)作用；

analyze how government procurement promotes green goods and services;

開(kāi)展汽車(chē)行業(yè)綠色消費(fèi)與生產(chǎn)政策、綠色電力市場(chǎng)改革、綠色建筑政策、綠色物流（電商）政策、數(shù)字化低碳生活方式和垃圾焚燒生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)政策等案例研究。

conduct case studies of policies, such as consumption and production in the automobile industry, green electricity market reform, green construction, green logistics (e-commerce), digital low-carbon lifestyles and environmentally-friendly waste incineration.

隨著全國(guó)疫情防控形勢(shì)持續(xù)向好，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展亟待通過(guò)消費(fèi)注入信心與動(dòng)力，各地政府、電商等紛紛依托各類(lèi)數(shù)字化平臺(tái)發(fā)放“消費(fèi)券”以刺激消費(fèi)。

As the COVID-19 epidemic wanes in China, expanding consumer spending has become an urgent need for economic recovery and social development. Many local governments and e-commerce businesses have started to offer vouchers via digital platforms to boost consumption.

在此背景下，近日，國(guó)合會(huì)綠色轉(zhuǎn)型與可持續(xù)社會(huì)治理專(zhuān)題政策研究組建議，可以通過(guò)把“綠色”有關(guān)的要素融入到各類(lèi)“電子消費(fèi)券”中，在推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)回暖及發(fā)展的同時(shí)，促進(jìn)綠色低碳和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

Against this backdrop, the CCICED Special Policy Studies on Green Transition and Sustainable Social Governance recently proposed that the vouchers' design could integrate some "green" elements, so as to revive the economy while promoting green, low-carbon and sustainable development.

同時(shí)，政府可制定用于識(shí)別綠色商家和消費(fèi)行為的通用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、進(jìn)一步拓展數(shù)字化生活平臺(tái)的功能，以支持“綠色消費(fèi)券”及相關(guān)配套措施的推出，從而打造線上綠色消費(fèi)的新熱點(diǎn)，促進(jìn)疫情過(guò)后經(jīng)濟(jì)的全面可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

Accordingly, governments can formulate general standards to identify green consumer behaviors and businesses, and further expand the functions of the digital platforms, in order to support "green consumption vouchers" with a coordinated set of measures. The goal is to create new hotspots of online green consumption and promote comprehensive and sustainable economic development after the epidemic.

“例如，給予購(gòu)買(mǎi)綠色認(rèn)證的商品或在綠色認(rèn)證的商家消費(fèi)以更多的優(yōu)惠支持；或?qū)姷木G色低碳行為（如垃圾分類(lèi)，綠色出行等）獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)‘綠色積分’、‘碳積分’，并且這些積分可用于兌換更多的消費(fèi)券。”國(guó)合會(huì)綠色轉(zhuǎn)型與可持續(xù)社會(huì)治理專(zhuān)題政策研究組副組長(zhǎng)張建宇說(shuō)。

"For example, we would provide more preferential support for those buying products or spending at businesses certified as 'green'," said Zhang Jianyu, deputy team leader of the CCICED SPS on Green Transition and Sustainable Social Governance. "In addition, we can reward the citizens who behave in a green and low-carbon way (such as garbage sorting and green travel) with 'green credits' or 'carbon credits', which could be used to exchange for more vouchers."

5月9日，張建宇在接受采訪時(shí)說(shuō)，綠色消費(fèi)券是指融入了綠色、環(huán)保、低碳要素的消費(fèi)券，與普通消費(fèi)券相比，綠色消費(fèi)券可以在刺激消費(fèi)及整體經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的同時(shí)，提升消費(fèi)者對(duì)綠色低碳以及經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的認(rèn)知，為踐行低碳環(huán)保的綠色商戶(hù)或廠家等經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體提供更多的支持。

In an interview on May 9, Zhang said that green consumption vouchers refer to coupons which take into consideration environmental protection and low-carbon approaches. Compared with ordinary vouchers, green ones can raise consumers' awareness of green, low-carbon and sustainable economic development, and provide more incentives to those businesses embracing green and low-carbon goods and services while stimulating consumption and overall economic recovery.

推行綠色消費(fèi)券恰逢其時(shí)

Green consumption vouchers: Is now the time?

受此次新冠肺炎疫情影響，國(guó)內(nèi)需要重振經(jīng)濟(jì)，當(dāng)下提出推行綠色消費(fèi)券的建議時(shí)機(jī)是否成熟？

Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, China needs to revitalize the economy. Is the time ripe for implementing the proposal of green consumption vouchers?

張建宇在采訪中表示，消費(fèi)目前已經(jīng)成為拉動(dòng)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的主要?jiǎng)恿?，且此次疫情在一定程度上引發(fā)了公眾對(duì)于人與自然的關(guān)系的反思、以及人類(lèi)可持續(xù)發(fā)展問(wèn)題的思考，也讓更多的人在關(guān)注刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的同時(shí)，開(kāi)始探討如何確保經(jīng)濟(jì)高質(zhì)量、可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因此，推行綠色消費(fèi)券、倡導(dǎo)綠色低碳生活理念的工作恰逢其時(shí)。

In the interview, Zhang pointed out that consumption has become the main driver of China's economic growth. To some extent, the epidemic has triggered a public reflection on the relationship between humanity and nature, as well as the issue of sustainable development. It has also made more people ponder the route to high-quality and sustainable economic development while also considering how to stimulate economic recovery. Therefore, it is the right time to promote green consumption vouchers and the concept of green and low-carbon lives.

據(jù)張建宇介紹，目前，我國(guó)部分碳交易試點(diǎn)地區(qū)開(kāi)展了形式多樣的以“碳積分”為主要獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)形式的“碳普惠”項(xiàng)目，在識(shí)別并核算公眾的日常綠色、低碳行為減排量的基礎(chǔ)上，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)對(duì)應(yīng)的碳積分。

According to Zhang, at present various forms of "carbon benefits" projects have been carried out in some carbon trading pilot areas, with "carbon credits" as the main reward. By identifying and counting the emissions reduced through their daily green and low-carbon behavior, participants will be rewarded with corresponding credits.

張建宇認(rèn)為，此類(lèi)項(xiàng)目從一定程度上對(duì)于提升公眾綠色消費(fèi)意識(shí)以及對(duì)氣候變化問(wèn)題的認(rèn)知有重要的意義，是今后依托數(shù)字化平臺(tái)系統(tǒng)化推動(dòng)綠色消費(fèi)工作的有益借鑒并打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。

Zhang said such projects are of great significance in enhancing public awareness of green consumption and climate change. It is a useful reference and has laid a good foundation for systematically promoting green consumption on digital platforms in the future.

不過(guò)，各大電商平臺(tái)在推出消費(fèi)券、優(yōu)惠券的過(guò)程中還沒(méi)有以“綠色消費(fèi)”概念單獨(dú)設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)應(yīng)的功能模塊或者進(jìn)行宣傳。

However, in the process of launching consumer vouchers, major e-commerce platforms have not separately designed the corresponding functionality or advertised them with the concept of "green consumption".

“目前，中國(guó)各地基本均依托各類(lèi)數(shù)字化生活平臺(tái)（支付寶、微信等）進(jìn)行線上消費(fèi)券發(fā)放。據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì)，支付寶和微信支付的用戶(hù)均已超過(guò)10億人，形成了廣覆蓋、多功能的數(shù)字化生活網(wǎng)絡(luò)。”張建宇表示，希望借助發(fā)放綠色消費(fèi)券的契機(jī)，促使現(xiàn)有的平臺(tái)在其已有的業(yè)務(wù)模塊中加入綠色低碳的元素。例如，依托平臺(tái)建立“綠色商家聯(lián)盟”、設(shè)置“綠色產(chǎn)品”以及個(gè)人“綠色消費(fèi)”行為等多種識(shí)別認(rèn)證等功能，引導(dǎo)公眾消費(fèi)行為向“綠色”轉(zhuǎn)型。

"Nowadays, consumption vouchers are basically released on digital platforms (such as Alipay and WeChat) around China. According to incomplete statistics, the users of Alipay and WeChat Pay number more than 1 billion, which forms a digital network of wide coverage and multi-functionality," said Zhang. He hopes that the distribution of green consumption vouchers could engage these existing platforms in incorporating green and low-carbon elements into their existing business modules. For example, establish a "green business alliance" relying on the platforms, set up multi-functional systems to certificate "green products" and personal "green consumption", and guide public consumption behavior towards sustainability.

各地消費(fèi)券的發(fā)放亟待注入“綠色”要素

Releasing consumption vouchers should incorporate "green" elements

2018年，國(guó)合會(huì)確定成立創(chuàng)新與可持續(xù)生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)專(zhuān)題政策研究組。根據(jù)總體研究計(jì)劃，2018-2019年度，專(zhuān)題政策研究組重點(diǎn)開(kāi)展了綠色轉(zhuǎn)型與可持續(xù)社會(huì)治理專(zhuān)題研究。專(zhuān)題政策研究組發(fā)現(xiàn)，自3月初以來(lái)，浙江、江蘇、廣東、北京以及湖北等地區(qū)陸續(xù)開(kāi)始以依托包括支付寶、微信等在內(nèi)的各種數(shù)字化平臺(tái)以發(fā)放“消費(fèi)券”的形式刺激居民消費(fèi)，對(duì)刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇有明顯的“乘數(shù)效應(yīng)”。

In 2018, CCICED launched a task force on Innovation and Sustainable Production and Consumption. In accordance with the overall research plan, the task force conducted a Special Policy Study (SPS) on "Green Transition and Sustainable Social Governance" in 2018-2019. The task force found that since the beginning of March, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Beijing, and Hubei have successively begun to bolster residents' consumption by issuing "consumption vouchers" on various digital platforms, including Alipay and WeChat, which has an obvious "multiplier effect" on stimulating economic recovery.

不過(guò)，從短期來(lái)看，雖然一系列“消費(fèi)券”的發(fā)放在一定程度上帶動(dòng)了地方經(jīng)濟(jì)的回暖，但是在對(duì)各地政策進(jìn)行總結(jié)分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)前的消費(fèi)券雖然種類(lèi)繁多、各具特色，但是尚未有地方在消費(fèi)券有關(guān)政策的設(shè)計(jì)中將可持續(xù)發(fā)展的綠色理念納入其中，也并未體現(xiàn)社會(huì)、環(huán)境、安全效益等具有長(zhǎng)期效應(yīng)的考量元素。事實(shí)上，在促進(jìn)消費(fèi)、重振經(jīng)濟(jì)的過(guò)程中，“綠色消費(fèi)”理念早已出現(xiàn)在官方文件中。

After analyzing the local policies, the study found that the current consumption vouchers are of great variety and have different characteristics, and the multiple rounds of "consumption vouchers" have accelerated local economy recovery to a certain extent. However, neither the concept of sustainable development nor consideration of long-term effects – social or environmental —  have been put into the policy design of local vouchers. But in fact, in the process of boosting consumption and resuscitating the economy, the concept of "green consumption" has long been written in the official documents.

2020年3月，國(guó)家發(fā)改委等23個(gè)部委聯(lián)合印發(fā)了《關(guān)于促進(jìn)消費(fèi)擴(kuò)容提質(zhì)，加強(qiáng)形成強(qiáng)大國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)的實(shí)施意見(jiàn)》，其中提出“鼓勵(lì)使用綠色智能產(chǎn)品，以綠色產(chǎn)品供給、綠色公交設(shè)施建設(shè)、節(jié)能環(huán)保建筑以及相關(guān)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新等為重點(diǎn)推進(jìn)綠色消費(fèi)，創(chuàng)建綠色商場(chǎng)”。

In March 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission and 22 other ministries jointly issued a document about promoting consumption expansion and quality improvements to form a strong domestic market, which proposed to "encourage green smart products, promote green consumption that focuses on the supply of green products, the construction of green public transport facilities, environmentally-friendly buildings and related technological innovations, and create green shopping malls".

為此，專(zhuān)題政策研究組建議，各級(jí)政府結(jié)合地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展實(shí)際情況，統(tǒng)一設(shè)定不同行業(yè)“綠色商家”的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并且在數(shù)字平臺(tái)上成立“綠色安心商家聯(lián)盟”，公示商家的防疫安全措施及其在推動(dòng)綠色消費(fèi)方面采取的相關(guān)措施，做到信息公開(kāi)透明，讓消費(fèi)者放心。

To this end, the research team proposes that governments at all levels should set the evaluation criteria for "green businesses" for different industries, in the light of regional economic development, and set up an alliance of green businesses on digital platforms to publicize epidemic prevention and green consumption measures, so that consumers can be inspired and informed by the open and transparent information available.

針對(duì)上述“綠色安心聯(lián)盟”中的商家，專(zhuān)題政策研究組建議可專(zhuān)門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)綠色消費(fèi)券進(jìn)行單獨(dú)發(fā)放或與其他消費(fèi)券“打包”發(fā)放，并在滿減額度、折扣力度、使用期限以及優(yōu)惠券數(shù)量等方面給予綠色消費(fèi)券更大的支持力度，引導(dǎo)公眾消費(fèi)綠色產(chǎn)品、到綠色商家進(jìn)行消費(fèi)。

For businesses in the alliance, the research team suggests that green consumption vouchers can be distributed separately or "packaged" with others. They propose greater support for green consumption vouchers in terms of reductions, discounts, service and quantity, so as to guide the public to consume green products and to shop in green businesses.

為鼓勵(lì)公眾綠色低碳的消費(fèi)行為，專(zhuān)題政策研究組建議可識(shí)別并記錄消費(fèi)者使用綠色消費(fèi)券及其他日常生活中的綠色低碳消費(fèi)行為，以碳積分的方式給予相應(yīng)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，并給予消費(fèi)者優(yōu)先用碳積分兌換消費(fèi)券等權(quán)利。

To encourage the public's green and low-carbon consumption behavior, the research team suggests that governments should identify and record consumers' consumption by green vouchers and other low-carbon behaviors in daily life. Then they should reward greener consumers with carbon credits and privileges which they can exchange for more vouchers or other rights.

另外，可以綜合運(yùn)用綠色消費(fèi)券及其配套優(yōu)惠措施，支持符合條件的中小商戶(hù)逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)綠色轉(zhuǎn)型和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。例如，除通過(guò)發(fā)放消費(fèi)券外，武漢還為小微商戶(hù)提供7折優(yōu)惠利率的貸款，全面推進(jìn)武漢生活服務(wù)業(yè)的復(fù)蘇。專(zhuān)題政策研究組認(rèn)為這一舉措值得借鑒，建議對(duì)符合條件的綠色中小企業(yè)在融資以及稅務(wù)方面提供更多的優(yōu)惠服務(wù)，從而促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的綠色復(fù)蘇。

Furthermore, green consumption vouchers and supporting preferential measures can be combined to support small and medium-sized businesses to gradually achieve green transformation and sustainable development. For example, in addition to consumption vouchers, Wuhan in Hubei province also offered loans with a 30 percent discount to small and micro-sized businesses, to help the city's service sector bounce back. The research team believes that this measure is valuable and it proposes more preferential services to qualified green small and medium-sized enterprises in financing and taxation, in order to promote economic recovery in a green way.